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Nose

Nose

Nose

The nose is an essential part of the human respiratory system, while also being the only specialised organ in the body which helps one to sense smell. Air enters the nose through the nostrils, also known as the nape. As it passes through the cells of the olfactory system inside the brain interprets the smell and reverts to the body. Fine strands of hair inside the nostril filter out the dust and other minute particles before the air enter the respiratory tract. This air is then warmed and humidified on it’s way to the lungs.

The two nostrils are separated by a thin wall of cartilage called the septum. Proceeding inwards from the nostrils, inside is an intricate structure made up of several interconnected cavities, called the sinus cavities. Sinus cavities reach out till the middle of the skull, above the mouth cavity. They go all the way up to the forehead between the eyes and spread out sideways to both the cheekbones. The olfactory cleft is the part which is responsible for providing the sense of smell, located at the roof of the nasal cavity and has several nerve endings to inform the brain about any of those 1 trillion scents that it is capable of recognising. Apart from this, the nose is the first line of defence against pathogens in the air, while also aiding our tongue in recognising tastes better.

The list of ailments that come under Nose are:

  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (See: ARDS)
    Acute sinusitis
    Adenomyosis
    Chronic sinusitis
    Cold, common (See: 
    Common cold)
    Deviated septum
    Influenza (flu)
    Nasal and paranasal tumors
    Nasal polyps
    Polyps, nasal (See: Nasal polyps)
    Sinusitis, acute (See: Acute sinusitis)
    Sinusitis, chronic (See: Chronic sinusitis)

Hypothesis

The nose is the first member of the tackle which comes in contact with allergens or pathogens in the air. The sinus cavity is lined with mucus-producing cells that prevent the nose from drying out. This mucus is normally clear and a bit viscous than water but in case of an infection, it turns yellow or yellowish-green and much thicker. This indicates that the body is tackling harmful bacteria or viruses. The nose is affected by more such ailments and conditions like Allergic rhinitis, Chronic sinusitis, Nosebleeds, Asthma and Meningoencephalocele.

An overview of these diseases are as follows:

Allergic rhinitis: This condition is otherwise known as hay fever. This happens due to allergic reactions triggered by allergens like pollen. A change of season is also a reason behind this allergy. People who have family members with this allergy or have been diagnosed with asthma or eczema in the past, run a risk of catching Allergic rhinitis. When the body comes into contact with allergens in a large quantity, the chemical histamine is released by the system, which in turn causes symptoms like coughing, sneezing and itching in the eyes.

Chronic sinusitis: This ailment happens when the sinus cavities get swollen, making it difficult for the circulation of air inside it. This can be brought about due to infection, inflammation or formation of polyps inside the cavity. A person affected by sinusitis experiences quite a difficulty in breathing, discharges at the back of the throat, discoloured discharge from the nose and pain around the eyes. Persistent and recurring symptoms means that medical attention is mandatory, as leaving it untreated can give rise to inflammation of the brain and spinal cord in the future.

Asthma: Asthma affects the respiratory tract; swelling up the airways and making them produce more mucus than usual. For some, it’s minor and won’t pose a threat, but there are also severe cases which can cripple one’s health and cause life-threatening Asthma attacks. An affected individual shall experience shortness of breath, chest pain and coughing or wheezing attacks.

Nosebleed: Sudden or acute nosebleeds do not point towards a serious situation, but it can be a sign of an underlying problem if it’s frequent. Dry hot air, injuries, repeated sneezing and allergies are the most common reasons behind it. If bleeding is frequent then it should be immediately reported to one’s physician, as the reason can be a blood clotting disorder or cancer.
Meningoencephalocele: This refers to a defect in which a portion of the brain tissue juts out of its position into the sinus cavity. It can be an unfortunate birth defect, while it can even develop in adults, although the chances are rare.

Most of the health issues related to nose, sinus and Lungs are due to low immunity. Since the nose is exposed to the environment is more prone to infection. Thus, immunity has to be very strong at any given moment to avoid any infection. All these issues can be completely resolved by using a combination of supplements.

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